Alain Aspect From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Alain Aspect
Alain Aspect | |
|---|---|
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| Born | 15 June 1947[1] |
| Education | École Normale Supérieure de Cachan[2] Université d'Orsay[2] |
| Known for | Aspect's experiment |
| Awards |
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| Scientific career | |
| Fields | Physicist |
| Institutions | Institut d'Optique (Paris-Saclay University)[2] École Polytechnique (Polytechnic Institute of Paris)[2] Centre national de la recherche scientifique |
| Website | www |
Alain Aspect (French: [aspɛ] (
listen); born 15 June 1947[1]) is a French physicist noted for his experimental work on quantum entanglement.[4][5][6]
Aspect was awarded the 2022 Nobel Prize in Physics, jointly with John Clauser and Anton Zeilinger, "for experiments with entangled photons, establishing the violation of Bell inequalities and pioneering quantum information science".[7]
Education[edit]
Aspect is a graduate of the École Normale Supérieure de Cachan (ENS Cachan).[2] He passed the agrégation in physics in 1969 and received his master's degree from the École supérieure d'optique (later known as Institut d'Optique Graduate School) of Université Paris-Saclay.[citation needed] He then did his national service, teaching for three years in Cameroon.[citation needed]
In the early 1980s, while working on his PhD (doctorat d'État) thesis,[8] he performed the Bell test experiments that showed that Albert Einstein, Boris Podolsky and Nathan Rosen's putative reductio ad absurdum of quantum mechanics , namely that it implied 'ghostly action at a distance', did in fact appear to be realized when two particles were separated by an arbitrarily large distance (see EPR paradox and Aspect's experiment). A correlation between the particles' wave functions remains, as long as they were once part of the same undisturbed wave-function before one of the child particles was measured. He obtained his doctorate in 1983 from Université Paris-Sud.[citation needed]
Aspect also received an honorary doctorate from Heriot-Watt University in 2008.[9]
Research[edit]
Aspect's experiments, following the first experiment of Stuart Freedman and John Clauser in 1972, were considered to provide further support to the thesis that Bell's inequalities are violated in its CHSH version, in particular by closing a form of the locality loophole. However, his results were not completely conclusive since there were loopholes that allowed for alternative explanations that comply with local realism.[10]
After his works on Bell's inequalities, Aspect turned toward studies of laser cooling of neutral atoms and is mostly involved in Bose–Einstein condensates related experiments.[citation needed]
Aspect was deputy director of the French "grande école" SupOptique until 1994. He is a member of the French Academy of Sciences and French Academy of Technologies, and a professor at the École Polytechnique.[2]
Awards and honors[edit]
Aspect was elected a Foreign Member of the Royal Society (ForMemRS) in 2015.[11] His certificate of election reads
In 2005 he was awarded the gold medal of the Centre national de la recherche scientifique, where he is Research Director. The 2010 Wolf Prize in physics was awarded to Aspect, Anton Zeilinger and John Clauser. In 2013 Aspect was awarded both the Niels Bohr International Gold Medal and the UNESCO Niels Bohr Medal. In 2013 he was also awarded the Balzan Prize for Quantum Information Processing and Communication. In 2014, he was named Officer of the Legion of Honour.[citation needed]
Asteroid 33163 Alainaspect, discovered by astronomers at Caussols in 1998, was named after him.[12] The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 8 November 2019 (M.P.C. 118220).[13]
Alain Aspect was awarded the 2022 Nobel prize in physics alongside John F. Clauser and Anton Zeilinger "for experiments with entangled photons, establishing the violation of Bell's inequalities and pioneering quantum information science".[citation needed]
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